DSG gearbox tips

DSG gearbox tips

DSG gearboxes explained

While appearing to be automatics, a typical dual-clutch transmission (2CT) has more in common, mechanically, with a manual transmission than an automatic gearbox - but why is this relevant?

What is the point of this type of automatic transmission?

While a 2CT car has an automatic car type of gear lever gate and an accelerator and brake pedal only, the transmission possesses neither a hydraulic torque converter, nor the epicyclic gears of a traditional automatic gearbox. Instead, it is an automated manual gearbox that, at least initially, offered an automatic-type driving experience, with superior fuel economy and CO2 emissions. However, recent 'traditional' automatic transmissions have become lighter and more efficient and so it is incorrect to state that 2CTs are always superior.

How to avoid a gearbox breakdown

Regardless of brand, 2CTs have not been entirely trouble-free. Yet, the following tips can help avoid trouble:

1. Adjust your driving technique

Most people were sold 2CT cars as ‘automatics’, not ‘automated manuals’ – a subtle, but important difference. Certain driving practices that do not harm conventional torque-converter transmissions, such as holding the car on an incline using just the throttle, can shorten a 2CT's gearbox clutch life markedly.

2. Follow maintenance advice

Most carmakers insist that both oil and the external transmission filter are changed periodically. The Volkswagen Group's six-speed DSG gearbox service, for instance, dictates that the oil and filter are replaced every 40,000 miles. If you do not have proof that this work has been done, any warranty will be invalidated.

Some 2CTs shed the heat from the gearbox, using the engine’s cooling system. If you neglect engine coolant changes, or use the wrong type, anti-freeze could enter the transmission, destroying the internal parts.

3. Replace your battery before it fails

If your battery has a poor state-of-health, it may still start your engine but the momentary low-voltage spike can damage the 2CT's Electronic Control Unit's software. On many models, this ECU is part of the combined hydraulic and electronic block (Mechatronics) and significant dismantling is required to retrieve it.

For similar reasons, never jump-start a 2CT car using another vehicle.

4. Listen for strange noises

Consult a transmission specialist, if you hear anything suspicious. Rear input shaft bearing failure is common on the six-speed Volkswagen Direct Shift Gearboxes. If left unchecked, this can cause further expensive damage.

Like manuals, 2CTs can employ conventional Dual Mass Flywheels, failure of which tends to be indicated by a ratting/jangling noise at idle speeds. If left unchecked, the flywheel might disintegrate and damage the gearbox irreparably.

Crunching, especially when downshifting to lower gears, tends to be caused by failing synchromesh.

What does DSG stand for?

Many manufacturers use 2CTs. While Ford calls its version 'Powershift' and EDC (Efficient Dual Clutch) is Renault's nomenclature, for instance, Volkswagen's version has been the most popular, which it calls 'Direct Shift Gearbox', or DSG.

What are the problems with DSG gearboxes?

DSG gearboxes offer a blend of automatic and manual transmission features, but they're not without their share of problems. One of the most common issues is their susceptibility to overheating. DSGs rely on a complex hydraulic system to control gear shifts, which can generate significant heat during operation, potentially leading to premature wear and reduced performance.

Another concern is the cost of maintenance and repair. DSG gearboxes are intricate and require specialised knowledge and equipment to service. This translates to higher maintenance costs compared to conventional automatic or manual transmissions.

Some DSG models suffer from jerky or hesitant shifts, especially at low speeds or in stop-and-go traffic. This can be attributed to software issues or clutch wear, both of which require attention from skilled technicians.

DSG Vs. a conventional automatic

DSG vehicles and conventional automatic cars each have their unique characteristics and advantages. DSGs offer faster gear changes and improved fuel efficiency due to their dual-clutch system, which allows for seamless and quick shifts. This translates to a sportier and more engaging driving experience, ideal for enthusiasts.

Conversely, conventional automatic transmissions are known for their smooth and comfortable ride, making them a popular choice for daily commuters. They are generally more straightforward in design, resulting in lower maintenance costs and greater reliability over time.

DSGs excel in performance-oriented driving, offering precise control, while conventional automatics prioritize ease of use and convenience. The choice between the two ultimately depends on personal preferences, driving habits, and priorities.

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